A region of great diversity, Asia is already home to more than half of the world’s population and by 2050 will also make up half of GDP and energy demand.

The ability to achieve global climate goals will depend heavily on countries in Asia being able to transition and transform their energy systems, many of which are reliant on imports from outside the region. In particular, there is a need to reduce the reliance on coal, which in 2023 provided more than 50% of all electricity generated across Asia.

Regional Energy Snapshots

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Australia

Australia is a long-time supplier of energy to Asia, including natural gas. Its ability to continue to supply LNG over the next few decades will be essential to the energy transition and decarbonisation in Asia.

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Indonesia

Indonesia is projected to have the world’s fourth largest economy by 2050. It has become strongly reliant on coal-fired power generation in recent years but is aiming to use its gas resources to support decarbonisation.

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Singapore

Singapore has successfully transitioned to gas-fired power since the turn of the decade. Natural gas now comprises more than 92% of all generation, supporting flexibility in the way Singapore approaches the energy transition.

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Malaysia

Malaysia is one of the largest oil and gas producers in Asia. In the past decade it has become reliant on imported coal for electricity, a situation it will address through increased use of domestic gas resources.

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The Philippines

The Philippines’ fast-growing economy is matched by its increasing energy demands. With limited domestic gas resources, LNG imports will be critical to the Philippines reducing its current dependence on coal.

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Thailand

Thailand has long generated more than 60% of its electricity from natural gas. With domestic production declining, LNG imports have increasingly become part of Thailand’s energy system and decarbonisation plans.

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Vietnam

Vietnam has switched from hydropower to coal-fired generation over the past decade as its major source of power. It has ambitious plans to produce more electricity from gas and became an LNG importer in 2023.

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India

India became the world’s most populous country in 2023. Energy security is central to economic growth and a key reason why coal currently accounts for 75% of India’s electricity generation.

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China

China is the world’s largest emitter of CO2. Although it continues to invest strongly in lower-carbon energy sources such as renewables, China relies on coal for nearly 60% of its power and is still adding capacity.

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Japan

Japan is a regional energy leader, including the development of low-carbon solutions. Dependent on imports for almost all its energy needs, Japan pioneered Asia’s LNG industry through the 1970s and 1980s.

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Republic of Korea

South Korea is one of Asia’s most advanced economies and natural gas makes a major contribution. LNG imports and nuclear power will have vital roles supporting renewable energy investment in coming decades.

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